Learning Science and Mathematics (LSM) Journal Vol.1, Issue 18, pp 32-45
A Worked Example Design with ARCS Motivational Model
Eva Julianingsih, Endah Retnowati, Khar Thoe Ng
Received first draft 1 April 2023. Received reports from first and second reviewers (13 April and 16 April 2023).
Received revised draft 25 May 2023.
Accepted to publish 5 October 2023.
Abstract
Purpose and Research Question - This paper aims to depict the development of a study worksheet that integrates the ARCS model with the worked example method in learning trigonometry.
Methodology - The Design and Development Research (DDR) and cycles of reflective practices (improvement was made based on feedback in the preliminary phase) are the methodologies integrating ARCS instructional model that categorizes four essential strategies (i.e. 'Attention, Relevance, Confidence, 'Satisfaction') in designing learning that can increase and maintain student motivation. The authors started by drafting worked example that is one of the learning methods recommended by cognitive load theory which is usually used in teaching students about complex problems. The purpose of worked example method is to minimize extraneous cognitive load of students when working on complex questions.
Findings/Discussions - The analysis of DDR processes with two cycles of reflective studies that were implemented revealed that an 'Analysis, Design and 'Develop' (ADD) procedure was used as a research framework in developing the worksheet. These involved: 1) Analysis of the learning material; 2) Design a worked example and validate the solution steps whether cause extraneous cognitive load or lot; 3) Develop into several pairs of 'problem 'solving' examples supported that integration of ARCS model to assist learning.
Significance and Contribution in Line with Philosophy of LSM Journal – The results of this study provide mathematics teachers with the study worksheet model for teaching trigonometry with a lower extraneous cognitive load but higher intrinsic cognitive load from the motivation factor.
Keywords: ARCS, Cognitive load; Motivation; Trigonometry; Worked example
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